<p>The New Haven District Campground, also known as the Plainville Campground, is a historic Methodist camp meeting site on Gladding Avenue in Plainville, Connecticut. Opened in 1865, the campground was used by Connecticut Methodists to partake in the 19th-century trend of religious and recreational camp meetings, and is now a secular community of summer homes. The campground was added to the National Register of Historic Places on May 19, 1980.</p><br>
<h2>Description and history</h2><br>
<p>The New Haven District Campground is located on northwestern Plainville, on about 17 acre of land northeast of the junction of Camp Street and Northwest Drive. It consists of a network of roads, entered via Gladding Avenue, that radiate to the north from Circle Avenue, at whose center is the main pavilion. The roads are otherwise densely built with small wood-frame cottages. All are one to two stories in height, and many feature gingerbread decoration typical of other camp meeting architecture.</p><br>
<p>Despite their original purpose as revivalist gatherings, camp meetings became a popular leisure destination for the middle class in the 19th century due to their moral nature and affordability. The campground consists of 89 cottages, built as permanent replacements for the sites original tents, which surround a central preaching area in the camp meetings traditional circular pattern. At the height of its popularity, the campsite had its own railroad station and spurred the local economy in what was at the time a rural area. The campground lost its religious affiliation in 1957, though the cottages are still used as summer homes.</p><br>
<p>The Lorenzo S. Coffin Burial Plot  is a historic structure located northwest of Fort Dodge, Iowa, United States. Initially, the various members of the Coffin family had individual grave markers, but after Lorenzo Coffin&#39;s death, they were incorporated into a concrete wall. The surrounding graves are those of non-family members. The Coffin family home was originally to the west of the grave site. It was listed on the National Register of Historic Places in 1977.</p><br>
<p>The Evarts-McWilliams House is a historic house on Georgia Shore Road in Georgia, Vermont. Built about 1799, it is a prominent example of Federal period architecture in northwestern Vermont. It was listed on the National Register of Historic Places in 1982.</p><br>
<h2>Description and history</h2><br>
<p>The Evarts-McWilliams House is located in a rural area of northwestern Georgia, on the east side of Georgia Shore Road a short way north of its junction with Mill River Road. It is a -story wood-frame structure, with a side-gable roof and clapboarded exterior. The main facade is five bays wide and symmetrical, with the centered entrance framed by engaged Tuscan columns supporting an entablature and cornice. The main eave line is decorated with a band of modillions. The interior retains many original period features, having seen only relatively modest alterations for the introduction of modern amenities.</p><br>
<p>The house was built about 1799, its construction attributed to William Sprats, a builder whose early career in Connecticut is well-documented, where he produced a number of prominent Federal period buildings. His later career in Vermont and adjacent New York is poorly understood, with only one building (the George Meeting House, destroyed by fire in 1952) definitely attributed to him. Of the Federal period houses known in the Franklin County area, this one is the best preserved.</p><br>
<p>The Martin Covered Bridge is a wooden covered bridge spanning the Winooski River off United States Route 2 in southern Marshfield, Vermont. Built about 1890, it is the only surviving historic covered bridge in the town. It was listed on the National Register of Historic Places in 1974.</p><br>
<h2>Description and history</h2><br>
<p>The Martin Covered Bridge is located in southern Marshfield, about 1 mi north of Plainfield village, on the east side of US 2. At one time the bridge carried a private farm road; it is now open only to pedestrians. It is a single-span queenpost truss structure, 45 ft long and 12.5 ft wide, with a roadway width of 10.5 ft. It is covered by a gabled roof and its exterior is clad in vertical board siding. The siding does not rise all the way to the roof, and extends a shortway into the portals, sheltering the projecting upper ends. The abutments are made of roughly coursed dry laid stone. The trusses incorporate iron rods, which extend vertically from the bracing diagonals to the bottom chords.</p><br>
<p>The bridge was built about 1890 by Herman F. Townsend, a prominent local bridgewright. It is one of the few surviving 19th century bridges in the state that was originally built on a private road, and is Marshfield&#39;s only surviving historic covered bridge.</p><br>
<p>The Jericho Village Historic District encompasses the historic industrial and commercial center of the village of Jericho, Vermont. Stretched along Vermont Route 15 south of Browns River, which powered the village&#39;s industries for many years, the village center includes a well-preserved array of 19th and early 20th-century buildings. The district was listed on the National Register of Historic Places in 1992.</p><br>
<h2>Description and history</h2><br>
<p>The village of Jericho was established in the early 19th century around a series of mill privileges on the Browns River, which in the first half of the 19th century were mainly populate by saw and grist mills. Beginning in the 1820s the mills expanded to include woolen textile processing, and in the later 19th century the water power was harnessed for a variety of manufacturing operations, established to capitalize on the areas natural resources. The water-powered industries declined in the early decades of the 20th century, and most of the industrial buildings were torn down or destroyed by fire or flood. Fires also occasionally swept through the built-up areas of the village, but significant elements of its 19th-century form still predominate.</p><br>
<p>The historic district stretches along Vermont Route 15, which is known as Main Street in the western portion and Church Street in the eastern portion of the district. These two roads meet at a small triangular green, from which Lee River Road and Plains Road extend south. The western boundary of the district is roughly Lawrence Heights, and its eastern boundary roughly Griswold Street. In addition to buildings lining Church and Main Streets, the district includes properties on Lee River Road, Plains Road, and Old Pump Road, and it includes the archaeological remains of the mill complexes on either side of the Browns River, which roughly parallels VT 15. Most of the buildings are wood frame structures, with the brick Congregational Church (1826) and Galusha House (1790) as prominent exceptions. The village&#39;s industrial past remains visible in the Old Red Mill and Mill House (aka the Chittenden Mill), located at the western end of the historic district and now a museum property of the local historical society.</p><br>
<p>The Elizabeth Cleveland Intermediate School, also known as Elizabeth Cleveland Middle School, is a historic building located at 13322 Conant Street in Detroit, Michigan. It was listed on the National Register of Historic Places in 2015. The school is an excellent example of Collegiate Gothic style, with no alteration to its exterior since construction. The building is still in use as a school, and now houses Frontier International Academy.</p><br>
<h2>History</h2><br>
<p>The Detroit Public School District began planning for construction of the Elizabeth Cleveland Intermediate School in 1926, by acquiring land and engaging the architectural firm of Donaldson and Meier. Construction began in 1927, and opened to students in September of that year. The school remained a middle school until 2006, when it became a 6-12 school. The school closed in 2009, and remained vacant until 2012, when a charter school bought the property. In September 2013 the school partially reopened as the Frontier International Academy.</p><br>
<h2>Description</h2><br>
<p>The Elizabeth Cleveland Intermediate School is located on a large corner lot, positioned diagonally facing the intersection. The building is a two-story orange brick flat-roofed structure, with the facade divided into nineteen bays. The central bay projects forward, and is surmounted by a high parapet wall. Two bays to either side of the center are a pair of entrance pavilions, topped with square turrets.</p><br>
<p>The entry pavilions contain terrazzo-floor vestibules. The building contains academic classrooms, four shops, a drafting room, two "clothing rooms," two "food centers," an auditorium, a gymnasium, pool, and locker rooms.</p><br>
<p>The Vincent House is a historic building located in Fort Dodge, Iowa, United States. The distinguishing features of this three-story, red brick, Second Empire house is its mansard roof and wrap-around porch. Web Vincent moved his family into the house in 1879 and it remained in the Vincent family until 1969 when Anne R. Vincent died. Vincent was a businessman who made his fortune in the local gypsum industry. A ballroom was located on the third floor and its walls were composed of gypsum plaster, which was the first time it was used in the United States. The house was listed on the National Register of Historic Places in 1973.</p><br>
<p>Fort Dodge Junior High School, also known as South Junior High, Fair Oaks Middle School and Duncombe Elementary School, is a historic building located in Fort Dodge, Iowa, United States. The building was constructed in 1931 and continued to serve as a school under its various names until 2013. It, along with Phillips Middle School, was sold to Foutch Bros. LLC, of Kansas City, Missouri the following year to be converted into apartments. In 2015 Duncombe Elementary School was found to be structurally deficient, and Foutch allowed the Fair Oaks building to be used as an elementary school while a new school building was constructed. The building was listed on the National Register of Historic Places in 2015.</p><br>
<p>The former Fort Dodge Senior High School building, also known as North Junior High and Phillips Middle School, is a historic building located in Fort Dodge, Iowa, United States. The building was constructed in 1922 with additions completed in 1948 and 1979. When the current high school was built in 1958, this building became known as North Junior High School, housing grades 7, 8, and 9. The Fort Dodge Community School District&#39;s adoption of the middle school philosophy in 1984 changed the name of the building to Phillips Middle School. District-wide grade reconfiguration in 1990 changed Phillips to a building housing grades 7 and 8. It, along with Fair Oaks Middle School, was sold to Foutch Brothers. LLC, of Kansas City, Missouri the following year to be converted into apartments. The building was listed on the National Register of Historic Places in 2015.</p><br>
<p>Fort Dodge Downtown Historic District is a nationally recognized historic district located in Fort Dodge, Iowa, United States. It was listed on the National Register of Historic Places in 2010. At the time of its nomination it contained 177 resources, which included 100 contributing buildings, one contributing site, one contributing structure, five contributing objects, 64 non-contributing buildings, three non-contributing structures, and three non-contributing objects. The district covers the citys central business district, mainly along Central Avenue, but also along the adjoining streets as well. Commercial development in the district began with the citys original plat in 1854 and continued through the opening of the Crossroads Mall in 1964. Webster County Courthouse , First National Bank Building , and the Wahkonsa Hotel  are all located in the district and are individually listed on the National Register.</p><br>
<p>Buildings usage in the district varies widely and includes commercial, light industrial, residential, religious, governmental, social, and educational functions. There is also a wide variety of architectural styles that reflect the era in which the buildings were constructed. The oldest building in the district is the Reynolds Block (1882) which marks the transition of the business district from the wood-frame structures of its settlement period to masonry constriction. A building boom in the early 20th-century replaced many of the cities older commercial buildings. Building heights range from single story structures to eight stories. Two prominent Des Moines architectural firms, Liebbe, Nourse & Rasmussen and Proudfoot, Bird & Rawson, designed buildings in the district, as did several other architects. The contributing site is the Public Square, the contributing structure is the foundation of a building that was torn down, and the contributing objects include two memorials/drinking fountains and three neon signs.</p><br>
<p>The Oak Hill Historic District, also known as East Fort Dodge, is a nationally recognized historic district located in Fort Dodge, Iowa, United States. It was listed on the National Register of Historic Places in 1977. The contributing buildings are all houses, including the Vincent House , except for two buildings. The exceptions are the Bennett Carriage House  and the Blanden Art Gallery . The houses were built in various styles from 1866 to 1916. Three apartment buildings, a funeral hone, and Grace Lutheran Church  are the non-contributing buildings.</p><br>
<p>The New Center Commercial Historic District is a commercial historic district located on Woodward Avenue between Baltimore Street and Grand Boulevard  in Detroit, Michigan. It was listed on the National Register of Historic Places in 2016.</p><br>
<h2>History</h2><br>
<p>Woodward Avenue likely began as a Native American trail, but the thoroughfare was firmly established in 1805-1806, when it was included in the master plan for rebuilding Detroit after the 1805 fire. By 1820, Woodward Avenue had been improved from downtown Detroit up through Six Mile Road. By 1878, Detroit suburbs had crept up to the area that is now the New Center Commercial Historic District, and in 1878-1882, a series of subdivisions were platted in the area. Development was hastened by the construction of Grand Boulevard, which began in 1883. In 1885, the city of Detroit annexed all the land within the Grand Boulevard ring, including this district.</p><br>
<p>The intersection of two main streets - Woodward Avenue and Grand Boulevard - made a natural location for a commercial district. Commercial structures were being constructed in the area by 1884, and by 1889 the east and west sides of Woodward between Milwaukee and Baltimore were already filled with commercial structures. Some of these buildings are still extant in the district. By 1897 commercial development extended north to Grand Boulevard.</p><br>
<p>Further development occurred in the district around 1915, corresponding to the rise of the automotive industry and the opening of Henry Ford Hospital a few blocks down Grand Boulevard. In 1922, General Motors began construction on a new headquarters building (the General Motors Building just one block west of this district, and in 1927 Fisher Body followed suit, beginning construction of the landmark Fisher Building. These two buildings anchored what the Fisher brothers envisioned as a new central business district - the New Center - that would relieve the congestion in Detroit&#39;s primary downtown business district. The late 1920s also saw more redevelopment in the commercial district along Woodward.</p><br>
<p>In 1936-1937, Woodward Avenue was widened along almost its entire route, including through the New Center. In the process, all but two of the buildings on the west side of Woodward were demolished. The two remaining structures were shortened, with new facades added. New buildings were infilled in the early 1940s. However, the city&#39;s population began declining in the 1950s, and the New Center, along with much of the rest of the city, began a slow decline. General Motors, remaining in the area, stabilized the surrounding neighborhood, and the New Center Council, a local business organization created in 1967, ensured that the commercial district was able to survive.</p><br>
<h2>Description</h2><br>
<p>The district contains fourteen contributing structures, as well as one non-contributing building. All structures are one to three-story commercial masonry buildings. The buildings are constructed in a range of architectural styles, including Commercial style, Neoclassical, Art Deco and Moderne. The district is representative of many of the local commercial districts in Detroit which sprung up at the intersections of major streets. However, the New Center area has retained more commercial vitality than many other neighborhood commercial districts, and the buildings within the district maintain a higher degree of integrity. Construction dates range from the late 1880s to 1942. The fifteen buildings in the district include:</p><br>
<h3>East side of Woodward, Baltimore - Milwaukee</h3><br>
<p>6400-02 Woodward/11-21 West Baltimore Street, 1914 This two-story tall white brick commercial building was constructed in 1914. It has three storefront bays wide facing Woodward and ten bays along Baltimore. The storefronts have been filled with concrete and glass block. The second floor has large window openings with small hopper widows inset into glass block filling. Atop the building is a parapet wall and original metal cornice.</p><br>
<p>6408-16 Woodward, c. 1885 This two-story building was likely originally two separate buildings, both constructed prior to 1889. The building is four bays wide; the first floor storefronts are sided and the second floor is clad in porcelain enamel metal panels with vertical metal strips which divide front of the building into sixteen equal sections.</p><br>
<p>6420-26 Woodward, c. 1885 This is a two-story Commercial style building three bays wide. The entire first floor is clad in square marble tiles and the second floor of the building is faced in yellow brick. The outside bays have wide second floor windows consisting of a single large light flanked by double-hung windows with transoms. The center bay is narrower with just double-hung windows.</p><br>
<p>Detroit Hardware (6432 Woodward), c. 1885 This two-story brick commercial building once formed the south half of the Brown Block, the north half of which was demolished to make way for the Detroit Savings Bank in 1916. The storefront is aluminum framed glass with a tile base. The second floor has a large window opening with transom in each half of the building. The Detroit Hardware Company, founded in 1924, moved into this building in 1933 and has occupied the building continuously since then.</p><br>
<p>Detroit Savings Bank (6438 Woodward), 1916 the Detroit Savings Bank is two story Neoclassical structure designed by Albert Kahn and built in 1916. It was used by the Detroit Savings Bank until at least 1956. The façade walls are clad in smooth limestone. The front façade has a two-story tall recessed entrance portico containing a central entrance door flanked by Doric columns. The side facing Milwaukee has nine two-story tall narrow openings containing metal frame windows with metal siding above.</p><br>
<h3>East side of Woodward, Milwaukee - Grand Boulevard</h3><br>
<p>Liggett Drug Store (6500 Woodward), 1929 This one-story Art Deco brick building was constructed in 1929 with a brightly colored terra cotta façade and red tile hip roof. The building is split into four storefronts framed with tan colored terra cotta bands, with the wall above covered in orange, green, tan and black terra cotta tiles set in an elaborate multi-colored chevron pattern. The Liggett Drug Store moved into the building in upon opening and remained a tenant building through at least 1940.</p><br>
<p>Neisner Brothers (6520 Woodward), 1929 This one-story brick building was constructed in 1929 for Neisner Brothers of Rochester, New York, who remained in the building through at least 1957. The storefront is framed in limestone and limestone panels are inserted in the wall above the storefront.</p><br>
<p>Sanders Confectionery (6532-34 Woodward), 1928 – Non-Contributing The Sanders Confectionery building was constructed by Fred Sanders in 1928, and remained a confectionery store until at least 1957. It is a single-story brick commercial building with a metal and glass storefront.</p><br>
<p>Center Theater (6538-40 Woodward), c. 1900 This building was constructed as a two-store retail space sometime around 1900. In 1930 it contained a restaurant, and in 1933 one of the stores was converted into the Center Theater. In 1952 the building was converted back into retail space. The upper part of the front is clad in enameled metal panels that now have a stucco-like coating.</p><br>
<p>6550-68 Woodward, c. 1896 This three-story commercial building in the corner of Grand Boulevard and Woodward retains many of its Victorian features. It was originally built around 1896, with an addition built in about 1920. Aluminum-framed glass storefronts occupy the ground floor, and the upper two floors contain five projecting three-sided wood bays with double-hung windows. Atop the building is a parapet wall with a small cornice.</p><br>
<h3>West side of Woodward, Milwaukee - Grand Boulevard</h3><br>
<p>Dime Savings Bank, 6501 Woodward, 1915 The Dime Savings Bank is a three-story buff brick building constructed in 1915. In 1941, the front section was removed to accommodate the widening of Woodward Avenue. Enameled metal panels, covering the first floor, were installed in the early 1950s. Five second-floor windows with limestone sills and shallow arch-top openings and are spaced equally across the front façade, and seven similar windows are in the third floor.</p><br>
<p>6513-29 Woodward, 1941 This building is a single story Modern commercial building, originally clad with enameled metal panels, constructed in 1941, after the widening of Woodward Avenue. Some of the front façade has been remodeled with other materials, and the six-storefront wide structure now appears to be three separate buildings.</p><br>
<p>Norwood Theater/Sanders Confectionery (6531-35 Woodward), 1915 The Norwood Theater is a two-story building designed by Henry Joy and constructed in 1915. A new façade was applied in 1941 after the widening of Woodward Avenue. In 1952 the theatre was replaced with. In 1966, Fred Sanders moved his Sanders Confectionery from the building across Woodward and opened a store and restaurant in the entire space. The storefront has three concrete arches across the center of the façade, and the upper floor is covered in painted enameled metal panels.</p><br>
<p>6541-49 Woodward, 1941 In 1941, Victor Bressler began construction on this building, which now houses three storefronts of unequal widths.</p><br>
<p>F. W. Woolworth Store (6565 Woodward), 1940 In 1940, the Henry Block at the southwest corner of Woodward and West Grand Boulevard was demolished to make room for the widening of Woodward Avenue. This limestone two-story Moderne commercial building was built in its place. The structure was designed by architects Hyde and Williams and built by the Barton-Malow Company to house a Woolworth&#39;s department store. The building was constructed with two retail areas. The building was designed with varying roof heights and a square corner tower positioned slightly back from the Woodward facade. The tower has raised decorative blocks in a column near the edge and an original flagpole.</p><br>
<p>The Little Sioux River Bridge is a historic structure located northwest of Spencer, Iowa, United States. It spans the Little Sioux River for 180 ft. The bridge was originally located at Main Street, south of downtown Spencer over the same river. Two previous bridges had been located at the original location beginning in 1875, with a replacement in 1889. Clay County contracted with Clinton Bridge and Iron Works from Clinton, Iowa in 1900 to build this Pennsylvania through truss span. Completed the following year, it is the rare example of this type of bridge built in Iowa. A concrete arch span replaced this bridge in 1915, and it was moved to its current location the same year. The concrete abutments were built by Thor Construction Company from Cedar Falls, Iowa. The bridge was listed on the National Register of Historic Places in 1998.</p><br>
<p>The Mayo Building is a historic commercial building at Main and East Streets in downtown Northfield, Vermont. Built in 1902, it is a prominent and imposing example of Classical Revival architecture. It was listed on the National Register of Historic Places in 1983.</p><br>
<h2>Description and history</h2><br>
<p>The Mayo Building is prominently located in Northfields central Depot Square area, facing that square from across South Main Street (Vermont Route 12). It is a four-story masonry structure, with a flat roof, exterior of brick with granite trim, and is the commercial districts tallest building. Its ground floor is divided into two store fronts with a central building entrance. The storefronts are framed by square granite posts at the outer building corners, and by round granite columns that separate them from the main entrance, with recessed store entrances flanked by glass display windows. Second story windows are set in rectangular openings with granite sills and lintels, while third floor windows are in segmented-arch openings with granite keystones and sills. Fourth story windows are also set in segmented-arch openings, but are topped by keystoned granite caps. The facade is capped by a broad cornice and decorative stamped metal entablature.</p><br>
<p>The block was built in 1902 for Dr. William B. Mayo, a prominent local politician and businessman. It was designed by Lane & Son of Burlington. It was designed to house the post office and town offices on the ground floor, professional offices on the second floor, apartments on the third, and a Masonic lodge meeting hall on the fourth. It was one of a series of real estate developments by Dr. Mayo, who served the community as a physician for 50 years.</p><br>
<p>The Dan Johnson Farmstead is a historic farm property on United States Route 2 in Williston, Vermont. It was first developed in 1787 by Dan Johnson, one of Williston&#39;s first settlers, and has remained in his family since that time. The property includes three 19th-century houses and a large barn complex, as well as more than 200 acre of land crossed by US 2 and Interstate 89. It was listed on the National Register of Historic Places in 1993.</p><br>
<h2>Description and history</h2><br>
<p>The Dan Johnson Farmstead is located in eastern Williston, with the farm building complex and associated houses located on or near US Route 2 east of Johnson Lane. The farm property consists of about 210 acre, of which the majority is located south of Interstate 89 and east of South Road. The southern portion is used mainly for hay production, with the upland portions gradually reverting to forest. The area north of I-89 is used either for cultivation or as pastureland for dairy cattle. The main building complex is on the north side of US 2, and consists of a c. 1840 Greek Revival farmhouse, a series of connected barns and silos, and a toolshed. On the east side of Johnson Lane, near I-89, stands a c. 1898 farmhouse with Queen Anne features, and a third farmhouse, originally built to house tenant workers, stands at the eastern end of the farm fields on the south side of US 2.</p><br>
<p>The farm property was settled in 1787 by Dan Johnson, who was, along with members of the states prominent Chittenden family, one of Willistons first proprietors. The Greek Revival farmhouse was probably built by Johnsons son Nathan, as were some of the surviving barns. Nathan and later his son John expanded the dairy aspect of the farm operation. The property was expanded in the 1920s by the acquisition of the Darling farm to the south, which included the c. 1898 farmhouse on Johnson Lane. I-89 was built through the property beginning in the late 1950s, complicating farm operations, since cattle could readily be driven to the southern tract. As of the farms listing on the National Register in 1993, it was still owned by Johnson descendants.</p><br>
<p>Elvis Presley House is a one-story ranch style house in a residential neighborhood in Memphis, Tennessee. Singer Elvis Presley lived here with his parents between March 1956 and March 1957, before moving to Graceland.</p><br>
<h2>About the house</h2><br>
<p>The house is a one-story ranch-style house with concrete foundation and two-car attached garage. It is located in a quiet residential neighborhood. It has four bedrooms and two bathrooms. A brick and metal fence was installed by the Presley family. In the backyard is a motorcycle garage. Elvis installed a pool in the backyard in 1956, which was reported to be the largest residential pool in the city at the time. The pool was removed in 2006.</p><br>
<p>Originally the house was painted green, then white, then green again.</p><br>
<h2>History</h2><br>
<p>Elvis purchased the house on March 12, 1956, for $29,500 from the Welsh Plywood Corporation and placed a down-payment of $500 on the house. He was only 21 years old. The new home was not far from his previous residence at 1414 Getwell Road, in what is now a coin operated laundromat.</p><br>
<p>Shortly after moving there, his song Heartbreak Hotel became the most popular song in the nation (before topping the Billboard charts at #1 in April), and fans mobbed the house,</p><br>
<p>which quickly became a focal visiting point for fans, celebrities and the media. Photos of the house were published in national magazines such as Look, Seventeen, and Parade. Police frequently were called to deal with the mobs of fans who would line the street.</p><br>
<p>The crush of fans and photographers became too much, and after 13 months Elvis moved to Graceland and sold the Audubon Drive property as part of the mansion and estate’s purchase. Elvis and Graceland owner Ruth Moore swapped residences; she moved into the Audubon home as he moved into the mansion-estate. The property has been sold about eight times since.</p><br>
<p>The house was added to the National Register of Historic Places in March 2006, Instead, the house was sold to record company executive Mike Curb at a reported sale price of $1 million. Curb turned oversight of the property over to the Mike Curb Institute at Rhodes College.</p><br>
<p>The new owners repainted the house from white to a green color similar to the one when Elvis owned it, renovated the fence, and removed the pool. In April 2017, the house was damaged by fire while undergoing renovations. Amazingly, most of the contents were undamaged because they were safely secured elsewhere at the time.</p><br>
<h2>Plaque</h2><br>
<p>A plaque on the brickwork on the fence reads:</p><br>
<p>The Philip and Anna Parrish Kirchner Log House is a historic building located north of Peterson, Iowa, United States. The Kirchners moved from the Albany, New York area to southwest Clay County in 1867, and built this log house the same year. It is located on part of the property that his older brother A.J. "Gust" Kirchner claimed in 1856. They were among the first Caucasian settlers in the county. A summer kitchen was later added to the west side of the house and a blacksmith shop onto the north side. The Kirchners lived here until they built a two-story frame house nearby in 1882. Philip&#39;s sister, Charlotte Kirchner Butler, bought the property after his death and restored the log house to its original condition around 1910, which meant the removal of the summer kitchen and the blacksmith shop. The property remained in the family until at least the 1990s, and housed a display of family artifacts. The house was listed on the National Register of Historic Places in 1993.</p><br>
<p>Logan Center School No.5 is a historic one-room schoolhouse located south of Dickens, Iowa, United States. The property was bought for a school in 1894 for $20, and the building was constructed the following year. Enrollment here averaged between 25 and 30 students until the 1930s when it started to decline. The school was closed in 1941 when it was incorporated into the Gillett Grove Consolidated School. The building is located in the center of Logan Township. Because the township has no incorporated communities the school building has functions as a township hall, a polling place, and hosts other community events. The building was also used for worship services and religious instruction. The original privy remains in the back, but a woodshed that was part of the historical nomination has subsequently been removed. The schoolhouse and privy were listed together on the National Register of Historic Places in 2001.</p><br>
<p>The Fairfield Street School is a historic school building at 78 Fairfield Street in the city of St. Albans, Vermont. Built in 1911, it served as a school until 1970, and is now converted into residential use. It is a prominent local example of Colonial Revival architecture, designed by Burlington architect Frank Lyman Austin. It was listed on the National Register of Historic Places in 1996.</p><br>
<h2>Description and history</h2><br>
<p>The former Fairfield Street School building stands on the south side of Fairfield Street (Vermont Route 36) on the city&#39;s residential east side. It is a large two-story brick building, with flat roof and concrete foundation. It has a raised basement, separated from the main floors by a stone stringcourse. The main facade is divided into three large bays defined by slightly recessed panels. The outer bays have bands of five sash windows on each floor, while the center bay has windows in a 1-3-1 pattern on the second floor, and single windows flanking the recessed entrance on the raised ground floor. The roof line has a modillioned and dentillated cornice, and is topped by a parapet that is gabled at the center.</p><br>
<p>The city of St. Albans experienced significant growth between 1874 and 1910, resulting in the construction of a number of elementary schools. Crowding continued to be a problem, and this school was built in 1911 to address that issue. It served the city as an elementary school until 1970, when the St. Albans Elementary School opened, consolidating all of the city&#39;s elementary school students into a single facility. This building then served as a mental health services outpatient clinic, before its conversion to residential use in the 1990s.</p><br>
<p>Knoll Farm, also formerly known as McLaughlin Farm, is a historic farm property at 700 Bragg Hill Road in Fayston, Vermont. The farm has seen agricultural use since 1804, and the patterns of use are evident in the surviving farm buildings and landscape. The property, is still actively farmed and also used as a retreat center and is listed on the National Register of Historic Places in 1996.</p><br>
<h2>Description and history</h2><br>
<p>Knoll Farm is located in an upland area above the village of Fayston, and is bounded on its west by Bragg Hill Road. The farm property consists of about 140 acre, with a broad open area extending east from the farm complex, which stands near Bragg Hill Road. The eastern and northern portions of the property are a steeper hillside area, historically used for timber production, is now the home for a nationally respected retreat center. The open areas of the farm are a combination of pasture, hay fields, and gardens. The farmstead is separated from the road by an old alignment of Bragg Hill Road, which now serves as a parking area for farm visitors. The farmstead complex includes a 1904 wood-frame farmhouse, a mid-to-late 19th century bank barn set between the old and new alignments of the road, and a second c. 1880 barn east of the house that was moved to this site from the valley below in 1923.</p><br>
<p>This property was first farmed in the early 19th century by Rufus Barrett. It was considered a favorable property due to its extensive southern exposure, which provided for early snow melt and a longer growing season. Unlike larger farm properties in the Mad River below, its proprietors did not specialize, engaging in a diverse variety of farming activities. It was owned between 1874 and 1935 by three generations of the McLaughlin family, and most of its buildings date to their period of ownership. Farming for profit ended on the property with the McLaughlin&#39;s sale of the property in 1935, at which time it became an inn serving the automobile tourist trade. Low-level agricultural activities have continued on the property since then, including by recent ownership, which raises sheep and blueberries while also operating a small conference center on the site.</p><br>
<p>Knoll Farm was purchased in 1957 by Ann Day and family who stewarded the property for 50 years and connected the farm to a new generation of social and environmental activism. In the 1980s Ann began traveling to Nicaragua through the American Friends Service Committee and made Knoll Farm a place of refuge for people fleeing the civil war for asylum in Canada. Ann would also honor the nature and history of Knoll Farm by making one of the earliest conservation agreements to permanently protect the land in 1982 with the Vermont Land Trust.</p><br>
<p>In 2001, the current owners of Knoll Farm, Peter Forbes, Helen Whybrow and their family, purchased the farm from Ann Day and Vermont Land Trust after being chosen in a competition to bring a new vision to the farm. Active farming returned to Knoll Farm then as did a new generation of “natural-build” buildings which reflect the new owner&#39;s commitment to environmental sustainability and education. In 2004, Forbes and Whybrow created Center for Whole Communities, a nonprofit leadership organization, which gathered thousands of social justice and environmental activists and leaders at the farm for a period of 12 years. In 2008, the farm returned to running entirely on wood and sun, a source of energy for the farm that had been replaced by fossil fuels in the 1940s. Today, Knoll Farm is a model working farm specializing in organic fruit production, Icelandic sheep, solar energy production and being a place of refuge for community leaders from around the United States.</p><br>
<p>The Jonesville Academy is a historic school building at Cochran and Duxbury Roads in Richmond, Vermont. Built about 1868, it is a prominent local example of Italianate school architecture, and was used as a school until 1955. It is now in private ownership as a residence. It was listed on the National Register of Historic Places in 1982.</p><br>
<h2>Description and history</h2><br>
<p>The former Jonesville Academy building stands south of the now-rural village of Jonesville, on the south side of the Winooski River at the junction of Cochran and Duxbury Roads. Oriented facing west to Cochran Road, it is a two-story wood frame structure, with a gabled roof and clapboarded exterior. A square tower projects slightly from the front facade, rising to a pyramidal roof with a broad eave. The main entrance is at the base of the tower, sheltered by a heavy Italianate hood. Above the entrance is a double sash window, above which a smaller but similarly featured hood projects. The main roof gable and eaves are decorated with paired Italianate brackets.</p><br>
<p>The school was built about 1868, and is a fine example of an Italianate schoolhouse in rural Vermont. It originally served as Richmond&#39;s high school, located in what was at the time a busy mill village. It was later converted into a grade school, and was finally closed in 1955. It served for a time as a hall for the local Grange chapter, and eventually reverted to private ownership. Part of the building has been converted into residential use, carefully preserving many of its original interior features.</p><br>
<p>The WJBK-TV Studios Building is a broadcasting building located at 7441 Second Avenue in Detroit, Michigan. It was listed on the National Register of Historic Places in 2016. It is the only building in Detroit designed by noted Palm Beach, Florida architect John L. Volk. The property is currently owned by Halcor Studio Live LLC.</p><br>
<h2>History</h2><br>
<p>WJBK began as an AM radio station (now WLQV) in Detroit. In 1947 the stations television license was awarded by the Federal Communications Commission to George B. Storers Fort Industry Broadcasting, the forerunner to Storer Communications. WJBK-TV began broadcasting on Channel 2 in Detroit on October 24, 1948 as a CBS affiliate. It was the third television station to go on the air in Detroit. The station began broadcasting from the Detroit Masonic Temple, but in 1956 Storer commissioned John L. Volk to design this studio. Storer and Volk were friends, and Storer had already commissioned a long string of works from Volk. The building was constructed that year, and WJBK moved its operations here.</p><br>
<p>Multiple shows were produced by Storer in the building, including its newscast, Sagebush Shorty, and Sir Graves Ghastly. However, by 1971, WJBK had outgrown the studio and operations were moved to a newer building on Nine Mile Road in Southfield. The Detroit building was sold to Detroit&#39;s public television station WTVS, Channel 56, for $750,000. WTVS used it until 2009, when they sold it to Mosaic Youth Theatre of Detroit. Mosaic used the building until 2014, when it was sold to a developer.</p><br>
<p>In 2022, the former WJBK-TV studios building was purchased, and donated to the nonprofit Midnight Golf Program to become their new headquarters. A $10–12 million</p><br>
<p>reconstruction is planned.</p><br>
<h2>Description</h2><br>
<p>The former WJBK-TV Studios Building is a two-story red brick Georgian Revival structure with limestone trim and brick quoins. The front facade has a projecting central section with a limestone-trimmed entry portico with flanked by Ionic columns. Equally spaced aluminum six-over-six double-hung windows run on either side of the entrance, and above on the second floor. Atop that is a tall frieze, classical cornice, and a limestone trimmed pediment with an oval window in the center. Many former Storer stations operated from studio facilities built in a similar style.</p><br>
<p>The interior of the building is divided into two sections: the office/administrative portion and the studio portion. The office portion contains a long rectangular entrance lobby and waiting room paneled with cypress wood, and a large two story open staircase, with curbed transition between rungs, in the center. The studio portion holds two studio spaces and a control room. The studio space was intended to be divided up, holding different sets in the studio at one time as needed.</p><br>
<p>The Woman&#39;s Club of Evanston is a historic house in Evanston, Illinois and is the headquarters for the social club of the same name. It is located at 1702 Chicago Avenue. On November 9, 2006, the clubhouse was added to the National Register of Historic Places.</p><br>
<h2>Origins</h2><br>
<h3>Social club</h3><br>
<p>The organization currently located at 1702 Chicago Avenue was founded on March 2, 1889 at the Judson Avenue home of Women&#39;s Suffrage movement leader Elizabeth Boynton Harbert. Originally an informal group, the club drafted an official constitution the following year, stating their purpose as: "To secure better homes, wiser motherhood, better laws, truer citizenship and a nobler womanhood by promoting the physical, social, mental, moral and spiritual development of its members." Three years later, this statement was revised and condensed to "Mutual helpfulness in all affairs of life, and united effort toward the higher development of humanity."</p><br>
<h3>Current building</h3><br>
<p>In February, 1910, under the supervision of Mrs. Avis Grant, a building committee was organized to oversee the construction of a new clubhouse, and in January, 1911, a lot at the corner of Church Street and Chicago Avenue was purchased. Architect Ernest A. Mayo was commissioned to create the building. Ground was broken that February and the cornerstone was laid on May 28, 1912. The completed building was unveiled in an open gala reception on March 11, 1913.</p><br>
<h2>Architecture</h2><br>
<p>The Woman&#39;s Club building is in the late 19th/early 20th century Revival style. Both the foundation and the walls are made of brick, while the roof is slate. Exterior window trim is white, and the Club features large glass windows on one side.</p><br>
<h2>History</h2><br>
<p>From the beginning, the club has worked locally and around the Chicago metropolitan area to create change in causes such as Woman&#39;s Suffrage, child labor laws, public health, sanitation, and home management. By the turn of the century, the Club was organizing awareness and fundraising galas that were notable Evanston cultural and social events.</p><br>
<p>The clubs first major project was to establish a hospital in Evanston. A series of epidemics including typhoid fever and smallpox in the 1880s and 1890s prompted the raising of $3,600 towards the creation of the Evanston Hospital. Since its founding, the Womans Club of Evanston has promoted the advancement of public health. It helped organize the in 1897 and paid the salary of the first visiting nurse.</p><br>
<p>During World War I, the club entertained servicemen, sponsored Red Cross knitting and sewing groups and provided an ambulance for the Red Cross in France. After the war, their food conservation efforts were converted into support for the opening of a community kitchen.</p><br>
<p>Since its inception, the Woman&#39;s Club of Evanston has been involved in promoting culture and the arts, including the 1922 creation of an annual art exhibition in the Clubhouse for community artists.</p><br>
<p>For its 1989 centennial, the Woman&#39;s Club was recognized and honored in a program put on by Evanston Hospital, the Visiting Nurses Association, Girl Scouts of the USA, and Boy Scouts of America.</p><br>
<p>On November 9, 2006, the club&#39;s headquarters was added to the National Register of Historic Places.</p><br>
<h2>The club today</h2><br>
<p>The club currently has over 350 members, and is active in volunteer work, community mobilization, and social bonding. In addition to its role as the meeting point for the club, the Clubhouse is a prominent location for events such as weddings, fundraisers, parties, Bar and Bat Mitzvahs, and community gatherings.</p><br>
<p>Today, their mission statement is phrased as: "Connecting women behind a shared purpose of volunteerism, social empowerment and community support."</p><br>
<h2>Notable people</h2><br>
<p>Mary Crowell Van Benschoten (1840-1921), charter member</p><br>
<p>The Pilgrim and Puritan Apartment Complex is a historic apartment building located at 9303–9333 East Jefferson Avenue in Detroit, Michigan. It was listed on the National Register of Historic Places in 2014. It is a large and intact example of a courtyard style of apartment building complex, not found elsewhere on East Jefferson Avenue. The Pilgrim and Puritan provided housing for Detroit&#39;s growing professional and middle-class during a time when the surrounding area was being developed with luxury apartment buildings.</p><br>
<h2>History</h2><br>
<p>Harry Silverman was born in Romania and emigrated to Brooklyn, New York in 1905 at the age of eighteen. He trained as a building contractor, and in 1912 moved to Detroit and in 1913 started his own firm where he developed and quickly sold apartment building complexes. John B. Whitley was a born in Halifax, England, and came to Detroit in 1915 at the age of 35. There he opened his own real estate firm. Both Silverman and Whitley were Masons, which is presumably how they met. In 1924, the two men formed a partnership to construct a trio of apartment buildings next to each other: the Pilgrim, the Puritan, and the Plymouth (now demolished).</p><br>
<p>Silverman and Whitley brought in architect Charles N. Agree to design the apartment complexes, and construction was completed in 1924. In 1925, Silverman sold his interest to Whitley, ending their partnership. The first residents of the apartment Complex were Detroit&#39;s rising professional and middle class, and included a number of salesmen, executives, clerks, teachers, doctors and nurses. The buildings have continued in use as apartments since construction. The Plymouth was demolished in the mid-1980s, while the Pilgrim and Puritan were renovated about the same time. There are plans for a second rehabilitation of the Pilgrim and Puritan.</p><br>
<h2>Description</h2><br>
<p>The Pilgrim and Puritan Apartment Complex consists of two nearly identical U-shaped four story red brick apartment buildings with flat roofs. The center entrance is reached through the courtyard formed by the U. Neoclassical and Commercial Brick elements are used on the buildings in an asymmetrical way to create an overall symmetric appearance. The raised basement portion of the building is clad with limestone, and red brick walls (rusticated on the first floor) extend above. A short wall with fencing is between the two.</p><br>
<p>Old Police Headquarters is a historic building in San Diego, California. It was built in 1939 by Quayle. Charles & Edward  and served as the San Diego Police Departments headquarters until 1987. The renovated buildings are now known as "The Headquarters" at Seaport Village. The building has a concrete foundation with stucco walls and has a red clay tile roof. The buildings areas of significance are Architecture, Law, Politics, and Government.</p><br>
<h2>Building Floor Plan</h2><br>
<p>The San Diego Police Headquarters, Jail & Courts is an institutional complex of interconnected spaces arranged in a rectangle around an interior courtyard. Heights vary from single story to three stories with an accent tower reaching 68 feet. The complex is on a 4.2-acre site, that includes a front parking lot and interior courtyard with a remnant ornamental landscape. The architectural style is expressed as Spanish Colonial Revival in variations ranging from Churrigueresque to Pueblo Deco. The complex is presented in five basic volume units that depart one from another in ornament and detail as well as in function but circulate within as a singular facility. The five units are; the Garage, the Assembly/Gymnasium area, the Courts, the Jail, and the front administrative public area with its arched entry and signature tower. Each unit is unique enough to stand alone, yet, as a composite create a highly distinct complex. All foundations, floors and walls are reinforced concrete construction. All exterior ornament is precast concrete. Exterior finishes are rough trowel stucco and finished plaster. Roof treatments are Mission style red tile or composition shingles. Interior historic courtyard elements, fountain, seating and the main planter bed have been removed, however, the ornamental paving is in very good condition. The horticultural element has been compromised due to discontinued irrigation. Minor modifications were made to the exterior and interior over a 48-year period of occupation, however, since the site had only one user, the San Diego Police Headquarters, the entire property has remained very much intact.</p><br>
<p>The Detroit News Complex consists of two buildings: a historic office building at 615 West Lafayette Boulevard in Detroit, Michigan, and an associated parking structure, located across the street at 901 West Lafayette. The two buildings were listed on the National Register of Historic Places in 2015. The main building held the offices of The Detroit News until 2013, and was also the site of the first commercial radio broadcast  in the United States.</p><br>
<h2>History</h2><br>
<p>The Detroit News was founded in 1873 by James E. Scripps, who controlled the paper until his death in 1906. He was succeeded by his son-in-law George Gough Booth. The papers circulation grew rapidly in the 20th century, with over 100,000 in 1906 and over 225,000 in 1918. Booth, foreseeing this growth, planned to expand the papers offices then on Shelby Street. However, the paper&#39;s growth exceeded the constraints of the space, and in 1913 the News acquired this block on Lafayette for $250,000. The site at the time included the 1858 home of Zachariah Chandler, a remnant of when the area had been a fashionable residential district.</p><br>
<p>Booth hired architect Albert Kahn to design the new building. The two men worked together on the design, with Booth detailing his vision of a grand, civic-minded refinement of the essentially industrial nature of the building. Ground was broken at the site in November 1915, and construction was completed by October 1917 at a cost of $2,000,000. Additions to the structure were made almost immediately: in 1918 a paper storage warehouse, also designed by Kahn, was added, and in 1920–21 a sixth floor was added to the original building. In 1924, a parking garage across Third Avenue was constructed, containing retail shops and a full-service garage in addition to parking spaces. In 1920, radio station WWJ began broadcasting from the building. WWJ was the first commercial radio broadcaster in the United States.</p><br>
<p>The Detroit News Building remained the home of The Detroit News for nearly a century. However, fortunes of the newspaper industry declined, particularly in Detroit. In 1998, as part of the Joint Operation Agreement between the News and the Detroit Free Press, Free Press staff moved into the building, vacating the Detroit Free Press Building. In 2014, the Free Press and News staff moved operations to leased space in the former Federal Reserve Bank of Chicago Detroit Branch Building, and the Detroit News Building was sold to Bedrock Real Estate, a branch of Quicken Loans.</p><br>
<h2>Description</h2><br>
<p>The Detroit News complex consists of two buildings constructed in 1915–1924: the Detroit News Building and the associated Parking Garage.</p><br>
<h3>Detroit News Building</h3><br>
<p>The Detroit News Building consists of three components covering an entire city block. The main section, constructed in 1915–17, occupies the east half of the block. It is a six-story, commercial-style building, constructed with a steel frame and reinforced concrete clad in limestone. Adjoining this building is the 1918–19 Paper Storage Warehouse addition. Single story additions built in 1921 and 1924 fill the remaining portion of the block. The three street-facing sides of the building are faced in buff Indiana Limestone atop a low gray granite base. The facades between the outer bays feature arches at ground level, separated by raised piers rising to the fifth floor.</p><br>
<h3>Parking Garage</h3><br>
<p>The 200-space parking garage was constructed across Third Avenue from the News Building in 1924. The structure is a five-story building with rooftop parking, constructed with a steel-frame and reinforced concrete. The facade is constructed in Art Deco style, using the same buff-colored brick and limestone trim materials as the Warehouse addition. The parking garage&#39;s front on Third is visually dominated by a central tower with projecting corner bays.</p><br>
<p>The Middlesex–Winooski River Bridge is a steel girder bridge carrying USA Route 2  across the Winooski River in a rural area on the town line between Moretown and Middlesex, Vermont. The two-span bridge was built in 2010, replacing a 1928 three-span Pratt through truss, which was listed on the National Register of Historic Places in 1991.</p><br>
<h2>Setting</h2><br>
<p>The Middlesex–Winooski River Bridge is located northwest of the village center of Middlesex, in the Winooski River floodplain. The river flows north at the crossing, ultimately heading northwesterly to Burlington and Lake Champlain. The bridge is set at an angle on concrete abutments and pier, with an orientation from southeast to northwest. The bridge was built in 2010.</p><br>
<h2>Historic bridge</h2><br>
<p>The historic bridge was set in a similar orientation to the modern bridge. It had two long spans, each 120 ft, carried by Pratt through trusses, and short 57 ft girder span at the north end. The bridge trusses were fabricated by the American Bridge Company and the bridge was completed in 1928. In 1927, this part of the Winooski River watershed was subjected some of the states most devastating flooding. US 2 was at that time the principal road artery between Burlington and Montpelier, and many bridges (both highway and railroad) were either swept away or suffered significant damage, resulting in the isolation of Middlesex village. The 1928 bridge was built as part of the states crash program to build more than 1,200 bridges.</p><br>
<p>The Martin L. Kelsey House is a historic house at 43 Elmwood Avenue in Burlington, Vermont. Built in 1879 for a local merchant, it is a distinctive and architecturally varied house, with elements of the Second Empire, Queen Anne, and Stick styles on display. It was listed on the National Register of Historic Places in 1983, and now forms part of a senior housing complex.</p><br>
<h2>Description and history</h2><br>
<p>The Martin L. Kelsey House stands just north of downtown Burlington, on the west side of Elmwood between Pearl and Grant Streets in a mixed residential-commercial area. It is a -story wood-frame structure, with a mansard roof on the main block providing a full third floor. Ells of decreasing size and height extend to the rear of the house, which is set on a small parcel now surrounded by parking lots. The exterior has a large number of decorative elements borrowing from a variety of architectural styles. The mansard roof has a flared lower section, and is crowned by a band of wooden squares with recessed panels. Its dormers have steeply pitched gabled roofs, with elaborate Stick style decoration, and whose windows are framed by Italianate moulding. A large gabled section projects on the left side also with Stick decoration and a finial at the top of the ridge. The main facade is three bays wide, with bands of paneled woodwork below the groundfloor windows and between the first and second-floor windows. An entrance is in the right bay, with an Italianate porch featuring a valance of square panels similar to those that crown the roof. A second porch with similar styling extends along the left side to the projecting section.</p><br>
<p>The house was built in 1879, in what was at the time a fashionable residential area north of Burlington&#39;s main commercial business district. Martin L. Kelsey, for whom it was built, owned a shoe and boot store on Church Street just two blocks away. His neighbors were similar well-to-do merchants and professionals. As the business district expanded, the neighborhood declined. The house was converted into apartments, and many of its neighbors were demolished in the 1960s. It has since been made part of McKenzie House, a senior housing complex.</p><br>
<p>G.A.R. Memorial Hall, also known as the Algona Schoolhouse, is a historic building located in Algona, Iowa, United States. It was built as the citys first schoolhouse in 1867, and moved to this location in 1887. The two-story frame Italianate structure features a gable roof, bracketed eaves, and wood lap siding. It originally had a belfry in the center of the roof, but it was removed at some point. After the building was moved it was used by the James C. Taylor Post No. 165 of the Grand Army of the Republic , which had been organized in 1883. During the G.A.R.s ownership the first floor was used as a library from 1899 to 1904. Because of declining numbers, the local G.A.R. Post gave the building to Hagg Post No. 90 of the American Legion Post in 1919 who used it for their clubhouse until 1967. At that time the Kossuth County Historical Society acquired the building, and they use it for a museum. It was listed on the National Register of Historic Places in 2014.</p><br>
<p>The Harvey M. Vaile Mansion is located at 1500 North Liberty Street in Independence, Missouri. Built in 1881 for businessman Harvey M. Vaile, it is a locally significant example of Second Empire architecture. The house was listed on the National Register of Historic Places in 1969 and designated locally in 2002; it is open to the public as a museum.</p><br>
<h2>History</h2><br>
<p>The house was built for Colonel Harvey Merrick Vaile and his wife, Sophia. Vaile was born in Vermont in 1831; he graduated in law from the University of Louisville and moved to Kansas City, Missouri in 1859, before finally settling in Independence in 1870. A "strong supporter of the abolitionism movement" with a passion for politics, he was among the founders of the Republican Party in Jackson County. with rights for the route to Santa Fe. Vaile was a prominent figure in Independence business and social circles, and "desired a magnificent residence as an outward expression of his wealth." Construction began around 1871, and the mansion was completed in 1881, at a cost of $150,000 (the equivalent of about $3–4 million in 2020, when adjusted for inflation). The Vaile Mansion quickly became the showplace of Jackson County, and offered "lavish hospitality to notables of the 1880s and 1890s including many USA Senators and congressional representatives."</p><br>
<p>In the early 1880s Vaile was involved in the Star route scandal. Charged with defrauding the government, he faced two trials, in 1882 and 1883: both of them ended in a not guilty verdict, but Vaile had to spend more than $100,000 in trial expenses. In February 1883, while he was in Washington, D.C., his wife Sophia, who had been diagnosed with stomach cancer, was found dead at home from a morphine overdose, in what was a case of suspected suicide. Vaile occupied the mansion until his death in 1894; immediately thereafter, his heirs contested ownership of the estate in a legal battle that lasted five years.</p><br>
<p>The house changed hands multiple times over the ensuing decades; in 1908 it became a sanatorium, and was subsequently converted by attorney Carey May Carroll into a nursing home and the operating site for "Vaile Pure Water Co.," a spring water bottling company. After Miss Carroll&#39;s death, the mansion, which was threatened with demolition, was purchased by Roger and Mary Mildred DeWitt, who started making repairs</p><br>
<h2>Description</h2><br>
<p>The Harvey M. Vaile Mansion was designed by Kansas City architect Asa Beebe Cross (1826–1894) in the Second Empire style; its design was reportedly inspired by a large house visited by Vaile and his wife in Normandy. (purchased at a cost of $50,000), it features an elaborate one-story porch, limestone moldings, heavy bracketed cornices, dormered mansard roofs, and multicolor slate shingles. The profusion of applied ornament well exemplifies "the High Victorian taste for leaving no surface areas untouched." The tall, narrow windows, together with the central tower&#39;s double mansard roof, emphasize the strong sense of verticality of the façade.</p><br>
<p>When completed, the Vaile Mansion was, according to an 1882 Kansas City Times reporter, "the most princely house and the most comfortable home in the entire west." It features thirty-one rooms with fourteen-feet-high ceilings decorated by French, German, and Italian artists. All of the original furniture was auctioned off when the estate left the Vaile family (the house was refurnished by the Vaile Victorian Society after 1983); however, the interiors still boast the original paintwork, nine marble fireplaces (one of which cost $1500), and two of the three original chandeliers, originally intended for the White House (Harvey Vaile was able to purchase them for $800 while he was in Washington, D.C., because there was some flaw in them). State-of-the-art amenities original to the house include speaking tubes, gasoliers, indoor running hot and cold water, and flush toilets; equipped with a built-in 6,000 gallon water tank, the Vaile Mansion was the first house in Jackson County with indoor plumbing.</p><br>
<p>The mansion was originally surrounded by a 630-acre estate (now reduced to a mere 5.6 acres), which included a grape vineyard and an apple orchard. Vaile had a wine processing plant on his property, as well as a wine cellar capable of holding 48,000 gallons.</p><br>
<p>Grand Avenue Historic Commercial District is a nationally recognized historic district located in Spencer, Iowa, United States. It was listed on the National Register of Historic Places in 2004. The district covers most of the citys central business district, mainly along Grand Avenue, but on some of the intersecting streets as well. In addition to commercial buildings, the district also includes the post office, a theater, and a fraternal lodge. The commercial Romanesque Revival and Neoclassical styles are dominant. The period of significance begins in 1913 when a building boom of more "modern" construction began and ends in 1935. A fire started by fireworks destroyed nearly two full blocks, and affected 70 businesses and professional offices. The architects who designed the new buildings went for a unified approach utilizing a Spanish/Mission influence. The Iowa Legislature passed a law banning the sale of fireworks throughout the state.</p><br>
<p>North Grand Avenue Residential Historic District is a nationally recognized historic district located in Spencer, Iowa, United States. It was listed on the National Register of Historic Places in 2014. The district is an 11 block area north of the city&#39;s central business district. North Grand is a tree-lined street divided by a landscaped boulevard and features Art Deco light fixtures. Its design was influenced by the City Beautiful movement. The thoroughfare carries USA Route 71/18 traffic. The contributing buildings are houses, garages, and four churches. Architectural styles found here are Queen Anne, Victorian, Classical Revival, Colonial Revival, Greek Revival, American Four Square, Tudor Revival, Bungalow, and American Craftsman. Many of the buildings are architect-designed. One of the houses in the district, the Adams-Higgins House , was individually listed on the National Register in 1984.</p><br>
<p>Wanata State Park Picnic Shelter is a historic building located south of Peterson, Iowa, United States. Dr. E.W. Spaulding from Peterson was instrumental in acquiring the property for the park, which was dedicated in 1934. Civilian Conservation Corps Company 778 built the shelter on the slope of a hill that descends to the Little Sioux River. The rear and side walls are composed of random rubble stone. There are four stone pillars across the front, and four vertical timbers attached to them that support the eaves of the gable roof. Each side wall has a doorway and window opening. A fireplace and chimney are centered on the rear wall. There is a small stone basement in the northwest corner, and cemented stone covers the floor of the shelter. It was listed on the National Register of Historic Places in 1990.</p><br>
<p>The Rutland Railroad Pumping Station is a historic water pumping facility at 43 Lake Street in the town of Alburgh, Vermont. Built in 1903, it is a rare example in Vermont of an early railroad-related water pumping facility. In use until the 1940s, it provided water needed for steam engines at rail facilities elsewhere in Alburgh. It is now owned by the town, and was listed on the National Register of Historic Places in 1999.</p><br>
<h2>Description and history</h2><br>
<p>The former Rutland Railroad Pumping Station stands on the eastern shore of Lake Champlain, at the western end of Lake Street. It is a modest rectangular brick building, with a gabled roof and stone foundation. The north-facing front is three bays wide, with a doorway in the left bay and rectangular window openings to the right. All of the building openings have been boarded over. The window openings are set in what were once round openings for pipes, as evidenced by infill brickwork. The interior of the building is single open space with a poured concrete floor. Equipment, most dating to the mid-20th century, is located at the southern end. It includes a gasoline motor, electric motor, and water pump.</p><br>
<p>The Rutland Railroad, in a bid to expand service north of Burlington, capitalized on the financial difficulties of the competing Central Vermont Railroad to acquire rights to the railway crossing between Alburgh and Ogdensburg, New York in 1897. It then built a major railyard in Alburgh, a presence that is largely no longer evident. This pumping station was constructed about 1903 to provided water from the lake to the railyards, for use in the railroad&#39;s steam-powered locomotives. It also served as a water supply for parts of the town. During the first half of the 20th century, steam engines were supplanted by more efficient diesel and electric power, and the pumping station was functionally abandoned. The town acquired the building from the railroad in 1954; its modern water supply plant stands nearby.</p><br>
<p>The LeClair Avenue Historic District encompasses a small residential development on LeClair Avenue and North Street in Winooski, Vermont. Subdivided and developed by Francis LeClair, a prominent local businessman, the well-preserved working-class residences typify development of the period catering to the area&#39;s growing French-Canadian immigrant community. The district was listed on the National Register of Historic Places in 1992.</p><br>
<h2>Description and history</h2><br>
<p>LeClair Avenue is a short dead-end street on the west side of North Street between Union and West Spring Streets, in a residential area northwest of downtown Winooski. The street is lined with a small number of wood-frame and brick single and multi-family residences. Also included in the historic district are several buildings facing North Street, which formed part of the original development of LeClair Street. The buildings were all built between about 1880 and 1905, and are basically vernacular in style, with modest hints of popular architectural styles of the period. Most of the buildings have had some alterations made, from the construction of additions to the replacement of porches and the application of vinyl siding.</p><br>
<p>Francis LeClair was a successful businessman and real estate developer in Winooski, which was part of Colchester until 1921. The Winooski mills, lining the northern bank of the Winooski River, were a major economic success beginning in the 1860s, drawing French-speaking immigrant workers from neighboring Quebec. LeClair was known in the community for building moderately-priced housing suitable for occupation by the families of mill workers. The LeClair Avenue development was one of the last he began before his death in 1889. He subdivided a large parcel of land about 1880, and sold the smaller parcels off to immigrants or local residents of French-Canadian heritage, who then built on them. Most of the property owners and tenants of the time are described in census records as workers in the area mills.</p><br>
<p>The Mill Village Historic District encompasses a small 19th-century industrial village on Stowe Street in Waterbury, Vermont. The area is a compact and somewhat isolated example of a mill village of the mid-19th century; it is roughly bounded by Stowe Street, Graves Brook, and the northbound offramp of Exit 10 from Interstate 89. It was listed on the National Register of Historic Places in 1979.</p><br>
<h2>Description and history</h2><br>
<p>Waterburys historic Mill Village area is now a quiet residential area, but it was for much of the 19th century a bustling industrial area. Powered by the waters of Graves (or Thatchers) Brook, a number of mills and small industrial operations thrived into the 20th century, when advances in industrial power and economy of scale spelled their decline. Only one mill building survives: now known as the Waterbury Feed Company, and its accompanying dam and penstock date to about 1830. The other surviving buildings in the district are residential, with most built between 1860 and 1890.</p><br>
<p>The district is bounded on the north by the bridge carrying Stowe Street across Graves Brook, and on the south by the northbound offramp of Exit 10 off Interstate 89. The ramp and high pass high over the area, with the footings for their bridges partially set on former industrial areas. The district includes houses on North Street, a side loop off Stowe Street, and Seabury Lane, a short spur extending west from North Street. Most of the houses in the district are vernacular, with some indications of either Greek Revival or Italianate styling. The most elaborate house in the district is the Baker house, which features a three-bay Greek Revival temple portico with a recessed porch set under a segmented arch in the gable.</p><br>
<p>The LeFerriere House is a historic house at 171-173 Intervale Avenue in Burlington, Vermont. Built about 1888 as worker housing in the city&#39;s Old North End, it is architecturally a distinctive vernacular interpretation of Queen Anne architecture. It was listed on the National Register of Historic Places in 2008 as the LeFarriere House.</p><br>
<h2>Description and history</h2><br>
<p>The LeFerriere House stands near the northernmost extent of Burlingtons Old North End neighborhood, on the west side of Intervale Avenue roughly midway between Willow and Oak Streets. It is a -story wood-frame structure, with irregular asymmetric massing. It has a complex multi-gabled roofline, clapboarded exterior, and a stone foundation. The highest roof ridge is parallel to the street, with forward projecting gabled wings. The front of the leftmost wing has the buildings most distinctive feature, a low polygonal turret above a single-story porch with turned posts and balusters. A modern shed-roof ell extends to the rear. The interior retains many original features, including Corinthian columns in the room under the turret and cabinets in the kitchen.</p><br>
<p>The area where the LeFerriere House stands was rural for many years. Even though a subdivision including its parcel was laid out in 1855, the house itself was not built until about 1888 by F.M. LeFerriere, a French Canadian immigrant. It was originally built as a two-family, and may have been first occupied by extended members of the LeFerriere family. From 1910 to 1961 the house was occupied by two Jewish immigrant families, exemplifying a changing trend in immigration patterns. The house is now divided into three units.</p><br>
<p>Plymouth County Historical Museum is located in Le Mars, Iowa, United States. The building was originally Le Mars Central High School. The first school building in the city was constructed on this block in 1876. It was torn down in 1905 when the center part of this building was completed in 1905. The two-story, brick, Colonial Revival structure was designed by the Chicago architectural firm of Atchison and Edbrooke. Contractor for the project was John A. Huxtable of Le Mars. All 12 grades and the school district&#39;s administration were housed in the building. The first addition made to the school was completed in 1924. Sympathetic in style to the original building, the addition was designed by Beuttler & Arnold of Sioux City, and constructed by Devereux and Olsen of Minneapolis. It runs south and then west of the 1905 building and includes the gymnasium and auditorium. The final addition was completed in 1952 by Nemmers Brothers of Le Mars. Built onto the north side of the original building, it is typical of the 1950s "Industrial" style, and was designed by Beuttler as well.</p><br>
<p>The senior high school was the first division to leave the building in 1965 when the present Le Mars High School was completed. The junior high school moved to its own building in 1972. The school district housed the elementary school in the 1952 addition until 1980 when it closed the building. The Plymouth County Historical Society occupies the 1924 addition, and utilizes the space for their local history museum. The building was listed on the National Register of Historic Places in 1999.</p><br>
<p>Akron Opera House is a historic building located in Akron, Iowa, United States. The American Insurance Company of Des Moines promised the local citizens that if they bought enough insurance policies they would build the town an opera house. The $18,000 building was completed in 1905, with the interior completed the next year. The first floor housed commercial space, with the opera house occupying the second and third floors. The 600-seat theatre featured a stage on the north end and balcony and main floor seating. The first play was the disappointing The Homeseekers on February 15, 1906. The first opera was The Rajah of Altara on February 28, 1906. Akron was on a circuit that brought traveling companies of actors, musicians and politicians to rural communities. In addition to musical and theatrical performances, the theatre hosted lyceum speakers, medicine shows, school events, boxing matches, basketball games, dances, Chautauqua’s, political gatherings, and church activities. The building was listed on the National Register of Historic Places in 2012.</p><br>
<p>The Reeves Farmstead Historic District was a nationally recognized historic district located north of Le Mars, Iowa, United States. It was listed on the National Register of Historic Places in 2001. The contributing buildings include an American Four Square house, a barn, cob house and wash house, hen house, outhouse, machine shed, corn crib, two hog houses, and a garage. The non-contributing building is a second garage built in the late 20th century, and the non-contributing object is an incomplete wind mill. The buildings were all built in the late 19th- or early 20th century, but exact dates are uncertain.</p><br>
<p>The Giroux Furniture Company Building is a historic commercial building at 10-18 Catherine Street in the city of St. Albans, Vermont. Built in two parts , it is a reminder of the city&#39;s railroad-related history, and served for many years as an enduring commercial presence. It was listed on the National Register of Historic Places in 2006.</p><br>
<h2>Description and history</h2><br>
<p>The former Giroux Furniture Company Building is located in central St. Albans, on a block bounded by Market, Lake, and Catherine Streets. It is set directly Lake Street from the Central Vermont Railway Office building, and across Market Street from the main railroad tracks. The front portion of the building is triangular in shape, an artifact of the historic alignment of Market Street, which angled toward Federal Street east of the railway office. It is two stories in height, built out of wood frame faced in brick veneer. A single-story showroom facade is built along the angled side of the building. To the rear of the triangular section is a large two-story warehouse of similar construction.</p><br>
<p>The rear warehouse portion of the building was built in 1896 by Hiram Weeks, who operated a feed store. He chose the location to efficiently move large volumes of goods from the railroad tracks to the west into the building, and then move smaller (but still large) quantities of goods to his customers on the east side. The feed business, eventually renamed or sold to City Feed Company, remained on the premises until 1936, adding the front triangular section in 1905. This addition was made to provide space for a vehicle repair business operated by Frederick Bedard and Henry Carlisle. In 1937 the building was acquired by the Giroux brothers, who opened what they claimed was Vermont&#39;s largest furniture retailer, also capitalizing on the presence of the nearby railroad for delivery of their goods. The Giroux Furniture Company closed in the 2000s, after nearly 70 years of operation.</p><br>
<p>The Montpelier Historic District encompasses much of the historic commercial and government district of Montpelier, the state capital of Vermont. The city center, focused on the confluence of the Winooski River with its North Branch, has been economically driven by state government since 1805, and had industry powered by the rivers. Its center reflects a diversity of 19th century architecture. In addition to the Vermont State House, the district includes The Pavilion, the commercial downtown area, and residential areas to the east and north. It was listed on the National Register of Historic Places in 1978, and enlarged in 1989 and 2018.</p><br>
<h2>Description and history</h2><br>
<p>Montpelier was chartered in 1781, and was a sleepy rural community when it was named the state capital in 1805, primarily for its geographically central location and access to road and waterways. This inaugurated a development boom, with State Street forming an important axis between the state complex and the town center. The town was named the county seat of what is now Washington County in 1811. Industrial development was enhanced by the arrival of the railroad in 1849, and the town&#39;s economy boomed after the American Civil War. It was reincorporated as a city in 1895. Growth slowed after World War I, with the rise of the automobile and increasing suburbanization.</p><br>
<p>The historic district is defined in large part by its two principal waterways. The North Branch flows south into the west-flowing Winooski River, with the central business district mainly northeast of their confluence. Major roadways parallel these two rivers, with State Street running west to the state capitol, and Barre and Berlin Streets running east. Main Street runs north–south to a branching point with Elm Street, where it turns east, constrained by the steep contours of the surrounding hills. The central business district is largely characterized by brick buildings built after twof fires swept the area in 1875.</p><br>
<p>The Lakeside Development, or the Lakeside Historic District, encompasses a historic company-built residential development in southern Burlington, Vermont. Isolated between the Vermont Railway railroad line and Lake Champlain and accessible only via Lakeside Avenue off Pine Street, the area was developed between about 1894 and 1910 by the Queen City Cotton Company, whose mill complex stood just to the east of the railroad line. The district was listed on the National Register of Historic Places in 1982.</p><br>
<h2>Description and history</h2><br>
<p>The Lakeside Development occupies about 17 acre of lakefront area on the eastern shore of Lake Champlain. It is a residential subdivision, formed into small grid by Lakeside, Wright, Conger, Central, and Harrison Avenues. Most of the residences in the area are multiunit buildings housing anywhere from two to twelve units. The buildings are all of wood-frame construction, with some finished in a brick veneer. There are five designs that are widely used, with a duplex configuration the single most numerous building type. Most of the block bounded by Central, Wright, Conger, and Harrison is an open field for public passive recreational use.</p><br>
<p>This residential area was laid out, built, and managed by the Queen City Cotton Company, and is the only company-built residential area of its type in the city. It was intended to be an entirely self-contained village, originally including a church, grocery stores, a school, and a billiard hall. The Queen City Cotton Company was established by George A. Draper, whose company was a major manufacturer of power looms. The company operated its mill east of the railroad until 1937, and sold off the residences, primarily to their tenants.</p><br>
<p>The Colonial Hotel is a historic building in Seattle located at 1119-1123 at the southwest corner of 1st Avenue and Seneca Streets in the city&#39;s central business district. The majority of the building recognizable today was constructed in 1901 over a previous building built in 1892-3 that was never completed to its full plans.</p><br>
<p>Built as a response to the boom created by the Yukon Gold Rush, the Colonial operated as a single resident occupancy hotel into the 1970s and in the 1980s it was restored into apartments and connected to its southern neighbor, the Grand Pacific Hotel. Both were listed on the National Register of Historic Places in 1982 and later became Seattle city landmarks. Today they are known collectively as the Colonial Grand Pacific.</p><br>
<h2>History</h2><br>
<p>Following the Great Seattle Fire of 1889, the northward expansion of Seattle&#39;s business district from Pioneer Square, already in progress prior to the fire, took on a rapid pace. A quick glut of new office space and a shortage of building materials created by the boom however left many buildings incomplete and many more lots undeveloped as the economy began to cool in 1891. The 4-story Starr Building, built in 1890 on the west side of 1st Avenue between Spring and Seneca Streets, stood alone on the block until a second wave of construction began in 1892.</p><br>
<h3>The Kenyons</h3><br>
<p>Jacob Gardner Kenyon, a traveling ventriloquist and magician, first passed through Seattle in the early 1880s and with the ticket sales from his first show at Yesler Hall, purchased several lots on 1st Avenue before leaving town, purchasing even more on his second tour. The value of his property skyrocketed following the great fire but he refused all offers to lease it. In mid-1892, Kenyon commissioned prominent architect John Parkinson to design a six-story building of granite and white pressed brick to be built on his corner lot adjoining the Starr Building. John McConnell won the contract for brickwork while G.W. Webster was put in charge of the carpentry. Construction began in July 1892 on the basement levels but was paused multiple times, and was ultimately only completed to the first floor on 1st Avenue, with Kenyon citing the lack of demand for office or lodging space as well as the benefit of allowing the foundation to settle. Kenyon died on December 22, 1892, without finishing the building and the property, along with all of Kenyon&#39;s Seattle holdings was willed to his son, Benjamin Kenyon. Litigation involving unpaid loans and under-compensated heirs soon followed along with the Panic of 1893, preventing the completion of the building for the rest of the decade. During this time the ground floor, designed to be split into 3 storefronts, was mostly occupied by the Seattle Outfitting Company, a home furnishings store, and the salesroom of the Seattle Woolen Mill Company, specializing in Flannel blankets for Yukon miners while the two basement levels were rented out for storage.</p><br>
<h3>Clise, Chapin and Collins</h3><br>
<p>In December 1900, Prominent Seattle businessman and attorney James Clise, representing Charles R. Collins (a civil engineer) and Herman Chapin (president of the Boston National Bank), purchased the incomplete Kenyon Building and one other nearby lot from the Kenyon Estate for $430,000. Collins and Chapin immediately made plans to complete the building to house a hotel to meet the demands of a city once again booming as a result of the Yukon Gold Rush. They commissioned architect Max Umbrecht, who had come to Seattle from Syracuse, New York earlier in the year under the employ of L.C. Smith. He designed several buildings for Smiths Pioneer Square properties and would go on to design several more for Clise and many more buildings in Seattle over the next two decades. For this project Umbrecht chose an eclectic Federal motif executed with buff brick trimmed with stone and glazed terra cotta for the top 3 floors of the building that would be built on top of the existing Kenyon building and inspire the hotel to be called the Colonial. The original design included a parapet above the cornice composed of open balustrades and a central pediment bearing the Colonial name, long since lost to deterioration. The buildings retail tenants were evicted and a building permit was issued on January 20, 1901. Work was completed by September when new ground floor tenants began advertising and the hotel opened with Florence M. Burke as proprietor. Among the earliest ground floor tenants in the completed building were the Abbo Medical & Surgical Institute, the Rainier Hardware Co., and the Keystone Liquor Co. In 1906, Clise sold the hotel to Schwabacher Hardware Company treasurer Sigmund Aronson and prominent local attorney Harold Preston for $180,000.</p><br>
<h3>Weyerhaeuser</h3><br>
<p>By the 1950s the businesses in the neighborhood began to reflect a seedier nature as Seattles commercial core had long since moved north. During this time the ground floor of the Colonial was occupied by second-hand shops and the Sportsland Arcade, which several times had been raided by police for showing and transporting adult films. In the mid 1960s, while many small downtown hotels in Seattle were being closed by the citys Nuisance abatement board, The Colonial Hotel, recently purchased along with its neighbor the Grand Pacific Hotel by the Kerry Timber Company and operated under lease by Tetsuo Kuramoto, was deemed to still be in fine condition and was allowed to stay open while the Grand Pacific was shuttered. The Colonial would only operate as a hotel for a few more years; its furnishings were sold at auction in 1972. Beginning in the late 70s, The Colonial and other historic buildings in the area were restored and redeveloped by Cornerstone Development Co, a subsidiary of Weyerhaeuser (which had absorbed the Kerry Timber Company) as part of the Waterfront Center project, which combined new construction with older buildings restored for housing. During restoration, The Colonial Hotel was interconnected with the Grand Pacific Hotel to the south and the complex became known as the Colonial Grand Pacific Apartments. The Colonial Hotel was listed on the National Register of Historic Places on May 13, 1982.</p><br>
<p>Le Mars Municipal Park and Golf Course Historic District is a nationally recognized historic district located in Le Mars, Iowa, United States. It was listed on the National Register of Historic Places in 2001.</p><br>
<p>The city of Le Mars acquired 60 acre of land for the park in 1935 for $15,000, and it was dedicated later that year. The state agreed to carryout improving the park and building new facilities over a span of five years as Works Progress Administration (WPA) projects. Work on a nine-hole golf course began in 1936. Additional property was purchased in 1937 bringing the size of the park to 121 acre. It took at least five WPA projects to complete the work. The historic buildings and structures include: the west entrance portals, the custodian&#39;s cottage, a garage-service building, a small vehicle bridge, two artificial ponds, a bathhouse-shelter house, a Boy Scout/Girl Scout cabin, six Adirondack cabins, the clubhouse, and the golf course. This was one of the largest, if not the largest, recreational park constructed in Iowa in the 1930s. Nine more holes were added to the golf course in 1990, and a bike/walking path was completed in 1999.</p><br>
<p>The Foster Park Historic District is a nationally recognized historic district located in Le Mars, Iowa, United States. It was listed on the National Register of Historic Places in 2008. The district comprises ten full blocks and nine half blocks. The historic buildings are houses and their attendant garages, carriage houses, or barns. The houses are between one and 2½-stories and are composed of frame, brick or stucco construction. For the most part they were built between the 1880s and the 1930s. Architectural styles include the revivals styles of the Late Victorian era to the Colonial Revival and American Craftsman styles of the early 20th century. Sioux City architect William L. Steele has several commissions in the district, as do other architects. Foster Park was established on one of the blocks along Central Avenue. It became a focal point for the neighborhood.</p><br>
<p>Hale Bridge is a historic structure located south of Anamosa, Iowa, United States. It spans the Wapsipinicon River for 296 ft. It is an example of a bowstring through-arch truss bridge. Perhaps thousands of these bridges were built in Iowa in the late 1860s through the 1870s. However, by 1992, fewer than twenty survive.</p><br>
<p>In April 1877 the Jones County Board of Supervisors contracted with the King Iron Bridge and Manufacturing Co. of Cleveland to provide iron bridges to the county for the next year. Pile driving for this bridges substructure got underway soon after, and the piers were completed by early fall. King provided a 100 ft bowstring through arch-truss and a shorter pony arch in the winter of 1878. The bridges configuration was changed the following spring and the county ordered another pony truss to replace the original timber approach.</p><br>
<p>Lower Road Bridge is a historic structure located northwest of Anamosa, Iowa, United States. It spans Buffalo Creek for 160 ft. The King Iron Bridge and Manufacturing Co. of Cleveland erected a bowstring through arch truss and a shorter pony arch in 1878 for what was historically called Lower Road. The bridge&#39;s superstructure consists of a large stone masonry pier and abutments. It was listed on the National Register of Historic Places in 1998.</p><br>
<p>Moore&#39;s Ford Bridge was a historic structure located northeast of Monticello, Iowa, United States. It spanned White Water Creek for 100 ft. The Jones County Board of Supervisors received a petition for a bridge at this location in September 1877. While they agreed there was a need, they put off erecting a bridge here until other bridges in the county were completed at major crossings. They finally authorized this bridge in September 1883 and contracted with the Morse Bridge Company of Youngstown, Ohio to erect a single Pratt through truss span here. It was completed in June 1884 for $2,305. The bridge was listed on the National Register of Historic Places in 1998. It has subsequently been taken down.</p><br>
<p>The Grist Mill Bridge, Dam and Mill Site consists of three structures located along Upton Road between Island Road and the Maple River, one-half mile west of Elsie, Michigan in Duplain Township. The three structures are:</p><br>
<p>Upton Road Bridge, the last known surviving metal truss highway bridge in Michigan built by Detroit Bridge & Iron Works, and one of only three remaining Parker truss bridges in Michigan.</p><br>
<p>Elsie Mill Pond Dam, a rock and earth-filled dam with a concrete cap and spillway.</p><br>
<p>Kellogg Bros. & Johnson Mill Site (designated archaeological site 20CL144), the foundation and associated remains of the 1865 Kellogg Bros. & Johnson grist mill.</p><br>
<p>The structures were listed on the National Register of Historic Places in 2015.</p><br>
<h2>History</h2><br>
<p>Duplain Township was first settled in the 1830s. In about 1845, Robert E. Craven (likely with his brothers Joseph and Thomas) constructed a saw-mill at this site. The saw mill operated for nearly 20 years. In 1865, Kellogg Bros. and Johnson purchased the site from Craven&#39;s estate and replaced the sawmill with a larger grist/flour mill, and built a timber dam to help power operations at the mill. Around the same time, a bridge was constructed crossing the Maple River a few hundred feet from the location of the current bridge, at the time carrying Upton Road over the Maple River. The grist mill operated for a number of years, going through multiple owners.</p><br>
<p>In 1901, Duplain Township voted to allocate money to replace the Upton Road bridge. The Detroit Bridge & Iron Works was contracted to build the steel superstructure of the bridge for $2,590. With planking, abutments, and labor, the total cost of the bridge was $3,228.57. In 1912, the current earth-and-concrete Elsie Mill Pond dam was constructed, replacing the 1865 timber version. The mill continued operating until 1950. In 1953, the building was remodeled and reopened as a feed and grain elevator. In 1966, a new Maple River crossing on Island Road was constructed, and the Upton Road bridge was closed to traffic.</p><br>
<p>The mill burned in 1969, leaving only the foundation remnants seen today. In 1976, Duplain Township, with the assistance of the Elsie Lions Club, turned the area into a park.</p><br>
<h2>Description</h2><br>
<p>The Grist Mill site is located on the Maple River. The Upton Road Bridge spans the river, approximately sixty feet west of the dam. The mill site is located directly on the southern bank of the river, about 75 feet east of the dam.</p><br>
<h3>Upton Road Bridge</h3><br>
<p>The Upton Road bridge is a single-span steel Parker truss bridge with pinned connections, sitting on concrete abutments. It spans 160 feet and is 16 feet wide. The deck consists of wooden planks laid atop the steel stingers, with wooden paving blocks on top, and a final layer of asphalt.</p><br>
<h3>Grist Mill Dam</h3><br>
<p>The Grist Mill Dam is approximately 150 feet long and twelve to fifteen feet high. The main body of the dam is constructed from rock and earth-fill, and a concrete cap and spillway is placed on top. The spillway spans the entirety of the dam, and empties onto a nearly flat concrete apron five to seven feet in wide, and then onto a lower spillway. Concrete abutments are built at each end of the dam.</p><br>
<h3>Kellogg Bros. & Johnson Grist Mill Site</h3><br>
<p>The site of the former grist mill contains a rubble fieldstone retaining wall, along with foundation walls of the mill and millrace. The mill foundation is in an L-shape, with walls 75 to 85 feet long on the longer side, and twenty feet in the shorter. The walls range up to 15 feet in height. There is also evidence of two flumes running from the mill pond to the mill.</p><br>
